There are currently thousands of satellites, rocket debris, and small pieces orbiting the Earth. This “space debris” is growing and is posing a major challenge to safe work and research in space. Today, we’ll learn how new technologies are playing a key role in solving this problem and making the future of space safer.
Why Space Debris Is a Growing Threat
- The majority of the 40,000 tracked items orbiting Earth are now obsolete satellites, rocket components, and tiny fragments of debris.
- This space debris not only threatens new satellites or spacecraft, but also forces the International Space Station to change its orbit repeatedly.
- Year after year, the situation worsens due to the arrival of new satellites and the explosion or collision of old ones.
New Technology in Space Debris Removal
Robotic Capture Systems
- The European Space Agency’s (ESA) ClearSpace-1 mission is attempting to capture defunct satellites using robotic arms.
- This technology is effective in removing large-scale space debris.
Space Tugs
- A space tug is a type of spacecraft that captures a defunct satellite or debris, takes it to a specific orbit, and safely destroys it.
- NASA’s OSAM-1 mission is working on this technology.
Laser Ablation
- Powerful lasers are used to change the orbit of small debris so that it enters the atmosphere and burns up.
- This technology is expected to improve further in the future.
AI-Driven Tracking & Autonomous Capture
- Space debris tracking and an autonomous capture system are being developed using artificial intelligence (AI)
- AI algorithms reduce the risk of collisions by monitoring thousands of fast-moving objects.
Space Debris Management Technologies
| Technology | Function | Example Mission/Company |
|---|---|---|
| Robotic Capture | Debris capture and removal | ESA ClearSpace-1 |
| Space Tug | Debris taken into a specific orbit | NASA OSAM-1 |
| Laser Ablation | Orbital change with laser | NASA/ESA |
| AI Tracking | Automated tracking and analytics | Astroscale, Helsing, Loft Orbital |
| Magnetic Removal | Magnet capture and removal | Astroscale |
Space Sustainability Rating: A New Approach
- MIT’s Space Sustainability Rating (SSR) system scores space missions based on their debris management plans, collision avoidance, and information sharing.
- This rating system encourages space agencies to act responsibly, reducing space debris and making space safer.
Future of Space Debris Management
Startups and Innovations
- Startups like Astroscale, ClearSpace, and SETS are working on new technologies, such as biodegradable satellites, low-cost engines, and smart data processing.
- In the future, AI and automation technology will further enhance safety in space.
Conclusion
The space debris problem is growing day by day, but new technologies and innovations are opening the way to address this challenge. Initiatives like Robotic capture, laser ablation, AI-driven tracking, and Space Sustainability Rating are playing a vital role in keeping space safe. We should encourage space agencies to use these technologies more and secure the future of space.
Do you enjoy learning about space and technology? Then learn more about new technologies to solve the problem of space safety and space debris, spread awareness, and contribute to building a safe space for the future.
If you want to know more, you can definitely check out my other popular article, “BrahMos Missile: One Strike, No Second Chance!“